<p>One Coremark is a single execution or iteration of the program so it lends itself handy in two ways. Both benchmark how many iterations can be executed per clock cycle (MHz) and how many iterations per energy unit (mJ). Typically a CPU will display a certain number for Coremark per megahertz; CM/MHz. Broadly speaking the higher this number is the better or more computational load can be performed by the CPU.</p><p>When designing digital IPs such as a CPU there is no problem to achieve high computational efficiency if no weight is to be put on how much energy is being used. Now, to use Coremark to also benchmark computational energy efficiency: one measures the number of Coremark per millijoule; ULPMark-CM.</p><p>Now that we know a bit more about Coremark and what we can use it for - let’s consider a few things.</p><h2>The Coremark Applicability</h2><p>There is certainly an argument to be had when it comes to how applicable or representative Coremark is for what you do in your application. Because the benchmark itself is written in a way where the CPU is loaded in a way that is very synthetic, especially for an embedded system. And here we can only nod and say yes, for many applications this is true. However, at the same time Coremark is a nice way to compare between various product offerings in the market. That naturally creates a momentum for pushing as high CM/MHz or CM/mJ. One can certainly see this in the ARM Cortex M lineup, where the M0, M0+, M3, M4 and M33 largely share the same instruction set - but due to implementation differences they yield different Coremark scores.</p><h2>RISCY ARM wrestle?</h2><p>At ONiO we utilise the RISC-V instruction set. Everyone will have their own justification for licensing an CPU IP or implementing their own. Certainly, it is very clear that over time ARM’s Cortex M lineup provides some very strong CM/MHz numbers where for instance an M33 in some of the products from ST, Nordic Semiconductor etc. will yield around 4CM/MHz. This is very strong compared to most RISC-V implementations that can be licensed. These seem to offer between 2.8-3.4CM/MHz, something that is certainly not bad scores - but seemingly a bit short compared to ARM. And of course there are some IPs that are better than the numbers listed here!<br>At ONiO we knew pushing beyond 3.2-3.4CM/MHz meant that we had to compromise computational efficiency. Or in other words energy had to be wasted to get more computational power. Being an energy harvested system the gravity is always towards energy efficiency. And thus no such tradeoffs were done.</p><h2>Gameplay: Upperhand</h2><p>Luckily a CPU by itself is pretty meaningless - you need a bus system, memories, a clock source and some kind of power management system. And &nbsp;this is where the battle is ultimately going to be won - and where ONiO does its magic. Make all of these pieces really well, fabricate them in a good CMOS process and you have a great combination.</p><p>For an energy harvesting system like the one implemented on ONiO,there are some disadvantages. Typically when you make a power management system it is easier to achieve a high efficiency number as the power load increases. Simply because at low loads, the quiescent power of the switcher is non negligible. Furthermore - Coremark is run at 3V fixed rail not a solar cell. So while most MCUs will optimise their power delivery system to alway buck down a 3V source to a core voltage and thus have great current translation rate.</p><figure class="image"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/onio/image/upload/v1719475422/CRT_Coremark_2_b7f7a6d9ff.jpg" alt="CRT-Coremark-2.jpg"></figure><h2>Conclusion</h2><p>ONiO.zero is capable of a very respectable 135CM/mJ and 22uW/MHz while running Coremark from non-volatile memory! A result we are very proud of and an excellent tradeoff between computational and power efficiency.<br>&nbsp;</p>

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You might not be familiar with Coremark - and certainly that makes more than one. Simply said, Coremark is an application or software that can be executed on a CPU to benchmark its processing performance. There are many such benchmark payloads - but Coremark has become an industry standard for embedded and application processor units.

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ONiO RISC-V Coremark Results

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Vemund Kval Bakken

ONiO is an IoT company specializing in crafting self-powered microcontrollers that run on nanowatts harvested from their surroundings.

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ONiO is a fabless IoT company specialising in batteryless microcontrollers that run on energy harvesting. We are deeply committed to crafting viable clean-energy solutions for IoT devices, breaking them free from the battery. ONiO.zero can use virtually any RF, thermal, solar, piezo signal as a power source. 

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 The power of Zero is undeniable The people behind ONiO Kjetil Meisal Vemund Bakken Runar Finanger Ronan Barzic Related Pages Products Articles The Big Picture The Team 
                            You can only imagine
                            the impact
                        
                        
                            With billions of IoT nodes and sensors set to power our future, reducing dependence on disposable batteries is critical. ONiO.zero-based solutions make IoT smarter and greener by enabling sustainable designs that minimize waste and unlock new possibilities. Together, we can create a future where innovation and environmental responsibility go hand in hand.
                         We envisioned an IoT future where power solutions are smarter, more sustainable, and designed to meet the needs of tomorrow. That’s why we created ONiO.zero—a microcontroller that can run 100% on energy from its surroundings. Whether you’re designing battery-free solutions or dramatically extending battery life, ONiO.zero delivers unmatched efficiency with zero compromises.

Zero limitations—A world of potential.  CEO CTO CMO Director IC Design

ONiO is the company behind ONiO.zero - a batteryless and wireless microcontroller. ONiO’s team is home to some of the brightest engineering minds in the Semiconductor world and so much more.

About ONiO

Chief Technical Officer 
                            Vemund is the chief technology officer and co-founder for ONiO. He is responsible to set the long term technical direction and make sure that novel solutions are applied in our products. And make sure when ideas are novel enough that they are added to a growing IP portfolio.
                        
                        
                            Vemund is extremely curious and is always searching for knowledge. He finds great motivation when someone says it cannot be done.
                        
                        
                            Vemund has previously served as group manager and senior system architect at Nordic Semiconductor ASA, working on nRF52810/32/40 and nRF9160. Besides from technical work he was able to establish a chip prototyping platform and enjoyed employing more than 20 excellent engineers. When at Atmel Corporation Vemund held various positions and was for four years stationed in San Jose, CA.
                         Vemund is the chief technology officer and co-founder for ONiO. He is responsible to set the long term technical direction and make sure that novel solutions are applied in our products. And make sure when ideas are novel enough that they are added to a growing IP portfolio.

<p>“I am very pleased with strengthening our advisory board with an industry titan like Gaute Myklebust”, says Vemund Bakken, CTO of ONiO. "His diverse knowledge will be applied from day one continuing our momentum in making the most energy-friendly microcontrollers enter full volume production"</p><p>Gaute Myklebust has a PhD in Computer Architecture and Parallel Processing from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and brings insight, industry-nous and tons of insider knowledge from his rich vein of experience in the semiconductor space. Since 2016, he's been managing TouchNetix' semiconductor development organization, which is a world-leading supplier of HMI solutions to automotive and industrial markets.</p><blockquote><p>ONiO has taken on the massive challenge of unlocking IoT’s potential by solving the energy issue, says Gaute Myklebust. Working with ONiO’s extremely talented team reassures me that we’re well on track to meeting this challenge!</p></blockquote><p>In 1996, Gaute Myklebust co-founded the AVR Microcontroller Design Center in Trondheim, Norway, and held multiple positions in Atmel Corporation, a renowned provider of microcontrollers, touch logic and wireless connectivity solutions, from 1996 to 2016. Among the positions he’s held, Vice President in the CTO office from 2011, where he was responsible for product definition, IP portfolio management and M&amp;A are a few noteworthy ones. Gaute Myklebust’s input and expertise is sure to be an invaluable asset to the ONiO board of advisors.</p>

ONiO is excited to announce that Gaute Myklebust has joined the ONiO board of advisors. Gaute has more than 30 years of experience in the semiconductor industry and will be a valuable asset to ONiO as we continue to grow and develop our technology.

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